目的：随着介入手术过程趋向复杂化，介入放射学工作人员受照的辐射剂量、时间也日益增加。因此，关于介入放射学工作人员的放射防护是目前广泛关注的问题。本研究通过监测介入放射学职业人员受照的职业辐射剂量，评估从事介入放射工作人员的年度职业辐射剂量水平。方法：回顾性分析本院2014—2015年介入放射学工作人员受照的职业辐射剂量（有效剂量与剂量当量），辐射剂量通过a、b两枚个人剂量计进行检测（a：一枚佩戴在外衣上；b：一枚佩戴在铅衣上）。结果：将本院于2014—2015年进行的介入手术筛选出2 202例，纳入本研究的介入放射学工作人员包括：6名介入医师、3名护士、3名放射技师，其年度有效辐射剂量分别为：3.00±1.50（0.84~6.17）mSv/y、1.34±0.55（0.70~2.20）mSv/y及0.60±0.48（0.02~1.43）mSv/y，剂量当量分别为：19.84±12.45（7.0~48.5）mSv/y、4.73±0.72（3.9~6.2）mSv/y及1.30±1.00（0.2~2.7）mSv/y。对于介入医师A组、A+B组的有效辐射剂量分别为：（1.02±0.74）mSv/y、（3.00±1.50）mSv/y（P＜0.001）。对于护士（P=0.186）与放射技师（P=0.186），A组较A+B组的有效辐射剂量均更低。结论：介入放射学工作人员年度受照的职业辐射剂量：介入医师＞护士＞放射技师。而A组的职业辐射剂量远远小于A+B组的。因此，为了正确评估职业辐射剂量，应使用a+b两枚个人剂量计进行监测、计算。
Abstract
Objective: Interventional radiology tends to involve long procedures(i.e., long fluoroscopic times). Therefore, radiation protection for interventional radiology staff is an important issue. This study describes the occupational radiation dose for interventional radiology staff, especially nurses, to clarify the present annual dose level for interventional radiology staff. Methods: We compared the annual occupational dose(effective dose and dose equivalent) among interventional radiology staff in a hospital where 2 202 catheterization procedures were performed annually. The annual occupational doses of 6 physicians, 3 nurses, and 3 radiologic technologists were recorded using two monitoring badges, one worn over and one under their lead aprons. Results: The annual mean±SD of effective dose(range) to the physicians, nurses, and radiologic technologists using two badges was 3.00±1.50(0.84~6.17), 1.34±0.55(0.70~2.20), and 0.60±0.48(0.02~1.43)mSv/y, respectively. Similarly, the annual mean±SD of dose equivalent range was 19.84±12.45(7.0~48.5), 4.73±0.72(3.9~6.2), and 1.30±1.00(0.2~2.7)mSv/y, respectively. The mean±SD of effective dose for the physicians was 1.02±0.74 and 3.00±1.50mSv/y for the one- and two-badge methods, respectively(P<0.001). Similarly, the mean±SD of effective dose for the nurses(P=0.186) and radiologic technologists(P=0.726) tended to be lower using the one-badge method. Conclusion: The annual occupational dose for interventional radiology staff was in the order physicians>nurses>radiologic technologists. The occupational dose determined using one badge under the apron was far lower than the dose obtained with two badges in both physicians and nonphysicians. To evaluate the occupational dose correctly, we recommend use of two monitoring badges to evaluate interventional radiology nurses as well as physicians.
关键词
辐射剂量；放射学 /
介入性
Key words
Radiation dosage /
Radiology, interventional
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参考文献
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